Not traditionally. A CV should contain essentially everything whereas the resume is tailored to the specific position.

CVs are much more common for academic positions but I’ve also seen them required for very specialized roles.

They’re definitely not the same thing even though they’ve been used interchangeably more and more.

A CV is a comprehensive overview of everything you’ve accomplished and can be fairly long in certain cases (I’ve seen CVs of specialized professionals or tenured professors that are close to 10 pages long).

On the other hand, a resume is a concise list of your relevant skills and experiences that should be tailored to the position you are applying to and should almost never be longer than 2 pages.